National name: Ukrayina

Current government officials

Languages: Ukrainian 67%, Russian 24%, Romanian, Polish, Hungarian

Ethnicity/race: Ukrainian 77.8%, Russian 17.3%, Belorussian 0.6%, Moldovan 0.5%, Crimean Tatar 0.5%, Bulgarian 0.4%, Hungarian 0.3%, Romanian 0.3%, Polish 0.3%, Jewish 0.2%, other 1.8% (2001)

Religions: Ukrainian Orthodox (Kiev Patriarchate 19%, Moscow Patriarchate 9%, no particular division 16%), Ukrainian Greek Catholic 6%, Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox 2%, Protestant, Jewish, none 38% (2004)

Literacy rate: 100% (2003 est.)

Economic summary: GDP/PPP (2007 est.): $320.1 billion; per capita $6,900. Real growth rate: 7.3%. Inflation: 12.8%. Unemployment: 2.3% officially registered; large number of unregistered or underemployed workers; International Labor Organization est.: 7%.Arable land: 54%. Agriculture : grain, sugar beets, sunflower seeds, vegetables; beef, milk. Labor force : 21.58 million (2007 est.); industry 32%, agriculture 24%, services 44% (1996). Industries : coal, electric power, ferrous and nonferrous metals, machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, food processing (especially sugar). Natural resource : iron ore, coal, manganese, natural gas, oil, salt, sulfur, graphite, titanium, magnesium, kaolin, nickel, mercury, timber, arable land. Exports : $38.22 billion (2005 est.): ferrous and nonferrous metals, fuel and petroleum products, chemicals, machinery and transport equipment, food products. Imports : $37.18 billion (2005 est.): energy, machinery and equipment, chemicals. Major trading partners : Russia, Germany, Turkey, Italy, U.S., Turkmenistan (2004).

Communications: Telephones: main lines in use: 9.45 million (April 1999); mobile cellular: 236,000 (1998). Radio broadcast stations : AM 134, FM 289, shortwave 4 (1998). Radios : 45.05 million (1997).Television broadcast stations: at least 33 (plus 21 repeater stations that relay broadcasts from Russia) (1997). Television : 18.05 million (1997).Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 260 (2001). Internet users: 750,000 (2001).

Transportation: Railways: total: 22,473 km (2002).Highways: otal: 169,491 km; paved: 163,898 km; unpaved: 5,593 km (2000). Waterways : 4,499 km (1990). Ports and harbors: Berdyans'k, Feodosiya, Illichivs'k, Izmayil, Kerch, Kherson, Kiev (Kyyiv), Kiliya, Mariupol', Mykolayiv, Odesa, Reni, Sevastopol', Yalta, Yuzhnyy. Airports: 790 (2002).

International disputes: 1997 boundary treaty with Belarus remains unratified over unresolved financial claims, preventing demarcation and encouraging illegal cross-border activities; land delimitation of boundary with Russia is complete, but maritime regime of the Sea of Azov and Kerch Strait remains unresolved; difficulties in the Transnistria region of Moldova complicate border crossing and customs, facilitating smuggling, arms transfers, and other illegal activities; has not resolved Romanian claims to Ukrainian-administered Zmiyinyy (Snake) Island and Black Sea maritime boundary despite ongoing talks based on 1997 friendship treaty to find a solution in two years.